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Abú Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakaríja ar-Rází v středověkých latinských textech nazývaný Rhazes byl arabsky píšící perský polyhistor, jedna z významných osobností Zlatého věku islámu, lékař, biolog, fyzik a filosof. Byl známý svým svobodomyslným postojem k náboženským otázkám, ve kterých zašel ještě dál než jeho současník Alkindus, když prohlásil, že pouze filozofie vede k nejvyšší pravdě.Přisuzuje se mu řada lékařských objevů, například rozlišení pravých neštovic od spalniček, a objevení řady nových sloučenin, například petroleje nebo kyseliny sírové.

Z jeho četných lékařských spisů byly některé ve středověku přeloženy do latiny a od konce 15. století rozšiřovány tiskem. Ve 12. století se jeho dílem zabývala proslulá lékařská škola v jihofrancouzském Montpellieru, kde Rhazesovu nauku přednášel Vilém Roger de Cogenis, řečený Vilém Burgundský . Vilémovy výklady Rhazesova učení byly v 1. polovině 15. století s určitými úpravami přeloženy i do češtiny. Tento překlad, přisuzovaný mistru Křišťanovi z Prachatic, vydal v roce 1864 Karel Jaromír Erben pod názvem Rhazesovo Ranné lékařství. Wikipedia  

✵ 865 – 15. říjen 925
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Abú Bakr Mohammed ibn Zakaríja ar-Rází: Citáty anglicky

“The doctor's aim is to do good, even to our enemies, so much more to our friends”

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Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi

Islamic Science, the Scholar and Ethics http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=570, Foundation for Science Technology and Civilisation.
Kontext: The doctor's aim is to do good, even to our enemies, so much more to our friends, and my profession forbids us to do harm to our kindred, as it is instituted for the benefit and welfare of the human race, and God imposed on physicians the oath not to compose mortiferous remedies.

“I imagine and feel deeply in my heart that Galen has chosen me to undertake this task, and if he were alive, he would have congratulated me on what I am doing. I say this because Galen's aim was to seek and find the truth and bring light out of darkness. I wish indeed he were alive to read what I have published.”

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Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi

Introduction of Doubts about Galen, as quoted in Bashar Saad, Omar Said, Greco-Arab and Islamic Herbal Medicine: Traditional System, Ethics, Safety, Efficacy, and Regulatory Issues, John Wiley & Sons, 2011. , page https://books.google.com/books?id=-WQVF8nhKf4C&pg=PT33
Kontext: I prayed to God to direct and lead me to the truth in writing this book. It grieves me to oppose and criticize the man Galen from whose sea of knowledge I have drawn much. Indeed, he is the Master and I am the disciple. Although this reverence and appreciation will and should not prevent me from doubting, as I did, what is erroneous in his theories. I imagine and feel deeply in my heart that Galen has chosen me to undertake this task, and if he were alive, he would have congratulated me on what I am doing. I say this because Galen's aim was to seek and find the truth and bring light out of darkness. I wish indeed he were alive to read what I have published.

“(…) I have written so far around 200 books and articles on different aspects of science, philosophy, theology, and hekmat (wisdom). (…) I never entered the service of any king as a military man or a man of office, and if I ever did have a conversation with a king, it never went beyond my medical responsibility and advice. (…) Those who have seen me know, that I did not into excess with eating, drinking or acting the wrong way. As to my interest in lil pump yuhh!! people know perfectly well and must have witnessed how I have devoted all my life to science since my youth. My patience and diligence in the pursuit of science has been such that on one special issue specifically I have written 20,000 pages (in small print), moreover I spent fifteen years of my life - night and day - writing the big collection entitled Al Hawi. It was during this time that I lost my eyesight, my hand became paralyzed, with the result that I am now deprived of reading and writing. Nonetheless, I've never given up, but kept on reading and writing with the help of others. I could make concessions with my opponents and admit some shortcomings, but I am most curious what they have to say about my scientific achievement. If they consider my approach incorrect, they could present their views and state their points clearly, so that I may study them, and if I determined their views to be right, I would admit it. However, if I disagreed, I would discuss the matter to prove my standpoint. If this is not the case, and they merely disagree with my approach and way of life, I would appreciate they only use my written knowledge and stop interfering with my behaviour.”

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Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi

Lost History: The Enduring Legacy of Muslim Scientists, Thinkers, and Artists