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John Austin byl anglický právník a filozof práva. Jeho hlavním dílem byla práce Působnost právní vědy z roku 1832, která měla vliv na další vývoj v oblasti teorie práva. Soustředil se v ní na problém rozdílu mezi zákonností a morálkou. Dále Přednášky o právní vědě vydané posmrtně.

Byl synem mlynáře z Ipswiche. Stal se prvním profesorem právní vědy na Londýnské univerzitě. V letech 1826-1828 byl na studijním pobytu v Německu. Při pedagogické činnosti často podléhal frustraci, což vyvrcholilo jeho odchodem z katedry.Jeho manželkou byla spisovatelka Sarah Austinová. Jeho blízkým přítelem byl Jeremy Bentham, na jehož okruh měl značný vliv. Mimo tento okruh se stal vlivným až posmrtně. Wikipedia  

✵ 3. březen 1790 – 1. prosinec 1859
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John Austin: 6 citátů0 lajků

John Austin: Citáty anglicky

“Every positive law, or every law simply and strictly so called, is set, directly or circuitously, by a sovereign person or body, to a member or members of the independent political society wherein that person or body is supreme.”

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John Austin (legal philosopher)

Zdroj: The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), p. 136-137

“A command is distinguished from other significations of desire, not by the style in which the desire is signified, but by the power or purpose of the party to inflict an evil or pain in case the desire is disregarded.”

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John Austin (legal philosopher)

Zdroj: The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), p. 6

“The existence of a law is one thing, its merits or demerits is are another thing. Whether a law be, is one inquiry; whether it ought to be o whether it agree with a given or assumed test, is another and a distinct inquiry.”

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John Austin (legal philosopher)

Variant:
The existence of law is one thing; its merit or demerit is another. Whether it be or be not is one enquiry; whether it be or be not conformable to an assumed standard, is a different enquiry. A law, which actually exists, is a law, though we happen to dislike it, or though it vary from the text, by which we regulate our approbation and disapprobation.
John Austin, Austin Lectures on Jurisprudence; or The Philosophy of Positive Law, 1873, Lecture V
Zdroj: The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), p. 278

“Since the term command comprises the term law the first is the simpler as well as the larger of the two. But simple as it is, it admits of explanation. And, since it is the key to the sciences of jurisprudence and morals, its meaning should be analyzed with. precision.”

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John Austin (legal philosopher)

Zdroj: The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), p. 6

“The matter of jurisprudence is positive law: law, simply and strictly so called : or law set by political superiors to political inferiors.”

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John Austin (legal philosopher)

Zdroj: The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), p. 1; opening line

“To the ignorant and bawling fanatics who stun you with their pother about liberty, political or civil liberty seems to be the principal end for which government ought to exist. But the final cause or purpose for which government ought to exist, is the furtherance of the common weal to the greatest possible extent.”

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John Austin (legal philosopher)

Zdroj: The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), p. 224