Noam Chomsky citáty
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Avram Noam Chomsky je americký filozof, kognitivní vědec, lingvista, logik, společenský kritik a aktivista židovského původu, tvůrce tzv. Chomského hierarchické klasifikace formálních jazyků, emeritní profesor lingvistiky na Massachusettském technologickém institutu , a také levicově orientovaný politický aktivista - anarchista, známý svým kritickým vztahem ke globalizaci a jejím dopadům, k válečným konfliktům, k zahraniční politice USA, Izraele a dalších vlád. Podle Top global intellectuals of 2005 a časopisů Prospect magazine a Foreign policy byl zvolen nejvlivnějším globálním intelektuálem.Chomsky je autorem teorie generativní gramatiky, která je některými považována za největší přínos na poli teoretické lingvistiky 20. století. Ovlivnil též filozofii jazyka a mysli . Rovněž pomohl podnítit kognitivní revoluci v psychologii díky své revizi Skinnerova verbálního chování, ve které zpochybnil behavioristický přístup ke studiu chování a jazyku, převažující v 50. letech minulého století. Jeho naturalistický přístup ke studiu jazyka ovlivnil filozofii jazyka a mysli. Zasloužil se také o založení Chomského hierarchie v roce 1956 – klasifikaci formálních jazyků dle jejich generativní schopnosti.

Dle Chomského je vývoj řeči vymezen geneticky – došel k závěru, že existuje jakási univerzální gramatika, která je vrozená a nikoli naučená během života – člověk se rodí se základní gramatickou šablonou, do které snadno zapadne jakýkoli světový jazyk. Chomského teorie jsou ale napadány, protože postrádají vědecké důkazy.Dle Indexu humanitních citací z roku 1992 byl Chomsky jako pramen citován častěji než jakýkoliv jiný žijící badatel mezi lety 1980-1992, a byl osmý nejcitovanější vědec vůbec.

Od jeho kritiky války ve Vietnamu v 60. letech minulého století se stal ještě známějším – hlavně mezinárodně – díky své mediální kritice a politice. Obecně je považován za klíčovou intelektuální osobnost levého křídla politiky Spojených států. Je široce znám pro svou politickou aktivitu a kritiku zahraniční politiky USA a jiných vlád a také pro popsání modelu propagandy. Wikipedia  

✵ 7. prosinec 1928  •  Další jména Avram Noam Chomsky, Ноам Чомский, Ноам Хомский
Noam Chomsky foto
Noam Chomsky: 339 citátů13 lajků

Noam Chomsky nejznámější citáty

„Vládě se asi nelíbí věcí, které říkám, a fakt, že jsem chtěl přednášet na palestinské univerzitě v Ramalláhu a ne na univerzitě izraelské.“

Noam Chomsky

o zákazu vstupu do Izraele
Zdroj: [Jediná demokracie na Blízkém východě?, literarky.cz, 2010-05-19, 2011-03-06, http://www.literarky.cz/svet/blizky-vychod/2373-jedina-demokracie-na-blizkem-vychod]

Noam Chomsky: Citáty anglicky

“If we try to keep a sense of balance, the exposures of the past several months are analogous to the discovery that the directors of Murder, Inc. were also cheating on their income tax. Reprehensible, to be sure, but hardly the main point.”

Noam Chomsky

&quot; Watergate: A Skeptical View http://www.chomsky.info/articles/19730920.htm,&quot; New York Review of Books, September 20, 1973. <br class="br">Quotes 1960s-1980s, 1970s

“There's a good reason why nobody studies history. It just teaches you too much.”

Noam Chomsky

KGNU benefit at the University of Colorado at Boulder, April 5, 2003 (context: João Goulart) http://www.freespeech.org/fsitv/fscm2/contentviewer.php?content_id=299 <br class="br">Quotes 2000s, 2003

“Personally I'm very much opposed to Hamas' policies in almost every respect. However, we should recognize that the policies of Hamas are more forthcoming and more conducive to a peaceful settlement than those of the United States or Israel. … So, for example, Hamas has called for a long-term indefinite truce on the international border. There is a long-standing international consensus that goes back over thirty years that there should be a two-state political settlement on the international border, the pre-June 1967 border, with minor and mutual modifications. That's the official phrase. Hamas is willing to accept that as a long-term truce. The United States and Israel are unwilling even to consider it… The demand on Hamas by the United States and the European Union and Israel […] is first that they recognize the State of Israel. Actually, that they recognize its right to exist. Well, Israel and the U. S. certainly don't recognize the right of Palestine to exist, nor recognize any state of Palestine. In fact, they have been acting consistently to undermine any such possibility. The second condition is that Hamas must renounce violence. Israel and the United States certainly do not renounce violence. The third condition is that Hamas accept international agreements. The United States and Israel reject international agreements. So, though the policies of Hamas are, again in my view, unacceptable, they happen to be closer to the international consensus on a political peaceful settlement than those of their antagonists, and it's a reflection of the power of the imperial states - the United States and Europe - that they are able to shift the framework, so that the problem appears to be Hamas' policies, and not the more extreme policies of the United States and Israel… And we must remember that in their case it's not just policies. It's not words - it's actions.”

Noam Chomsky

Interview on LBC TV, May 23, 2006 http://www.memritv.org/Transcript.asp?P1=1152 <br class="br">Quotes 2000s, 2006

“Cuba has probably been the target of more international terrorism than the rest of the world combined and, therefore, in the American ideological system it is regarded as the source of international terrorism, exactly as Orwell would have predicted.”

Noam Chomsky

Talk titled &quot;American Foreign Policy&quot; at Harvard University, March 19, 1985; Republished at chomsky.info/talks http://www.chomsky.info/talks/19850319.htm, accessed May 23, 2014. <br class="br">Quotes 1960s-1980s, 1980s

“Stability means we run it. There are countries that are very stable. Cuba is stable, but that’s not called stability.”

Noam Chomsky

Interview by Hugh Gusterson, November 2000 https://web.archive.org/web/20051210055017/http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/2002----.pdf. <br class="br">Quotes 2000s, 2000

“We might add now that we do have an authoritative account of why the United States bombed Serbia in 1999. It comes from Strobe Talbott, now the director of the Brookings Institution, but in 1999 he was in charge of the State Department-Pentagon team that supervised the diplomacy in the affair. He wrote the introduction to a recent book by his Director of Communications, John Norris, which presents the position of the Clinton administration at the time of the bombing. Norris writes that "it was Yugoslavia's resistance to the broader trends of political and economic reform - not the plight of Kosovar Albanians - that best explains NATO's war". In brief, they were resisting absorption into the U. S. dominated international socioeconomic system. Talbott adds that thanks to John Norris, anyone interested in the war in Kosovo "will know … how events looked and felt at the time to those of us who were involved" in the war, actually directing it. This authoritative explanation will come as no surprise at all to students of international affairs who are more interested in fact than rhetoric. And it will also come as no surprise, to those familiar with intellectual life, that the attack continues to be hailed as a grand achievement of humanitarian intervention, despite massive Western documentation to the contrary, and now an explicit denial at the highest level; which will change nothing, it's not the way intellectual life works.”

Noam Chomsky

Talk at the Englert Theatre in Iowa, April 10, 2006 http://www.greenteaphd.com/greenteablog/?p=252 <br class="br">Quotes 2000s, 2006

“I don't say you're self-censoring - I'm sure you believe everything you're saying; but what I'm saying is, if you believed something different, you wouldn't be sitting where you're sitting.”

Noam Chomsky

Interview by Andrew Marr on BBC2, February 14, 1996 https://web.archive.org/web/19990930034218/http://www.zmag.org/chomsky/interviews/9602-big-idea.html. <br class="br">Quotes 1990s, 1995-1999

“It is only in folk tales, children's stories, and the journals of intellectual opinion that power is used wisely and well to destroy evil. The real world teaches very different lessons, and it takes willful and dedicated ignorance to fail to perceive them.”

Noam Chomsky

Talk titled &quot;The World After September 11th&quot;, AFSC Conference at Tufts University, Massachusetts, December 8, 2001 https://web.archive.org/web/20011230091612/http://www.zmag.org/chomskyafter911.htm. <br class="br">Quotes 2000s, 2001

“As for drugs, my impression is that their effect was almost completely negative, simply removing people from meaningful struggle and engagement. Just the other day I was sitting in a radio studio waiting for a satellite arrangement abroad to be set up. The engineers were putting together interviews with Bob Dylan from about 1966-7 or so (judging by the references), and I was listening (I'd never heard him talk before — if you can call that talking). He sounded as though he was so drugged he was barely coherent, but the message got through clearly enough through the haze. He said over and over that he'd been through all of this protest thing, realized it was nonsense, and that the only thing that was important was to live his own life happily and freely, not to "mess around with other people's lives" by working for civil and human rights, ending war and poverty, etc. He was asked what he thought about the Berkeley "free speech movement" and said that he didn't understand it. He said something like: "I have free speech, I can do what I want, so it has nothing to do with me. Period."”

Noam Chomsky

If the capitalist PR machine [term used in the question] wanted to invent someone for their purposes, they couldn&#x27;t have made a better choice. <br class="br">Reply (via email) to Douglas Lain, June 1994 https://web.archive.org/web/20021214024709/http://www.douglaslain.com/diet-soap.html <br class="br">Quotes 1990s, 1990-1994

“Intrinsic (psychological) structure is rich... and diverse.”

Noam Chomsky

Zdroj: Quotes 1960s-1980s, 1980s, Rules and Representations (1980), p. 3 as cited in: Jerry Fodor (1983).

“In certain intellectual circles in France, the very basis for discussion—a minimal respect for facts and logic—has been virtually abandoned.”

Noam Chomsky

Noam Chomsky interviewed by an anonymous interviewer, October 26, 1981; Published in: &quot; The Treachery of the Intelligentsia: A French Travesty http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/19811026.htm &quot; in C. P. Otero (ed.), Language and Politics, Black Rose, 1988, pp. 312-323. <br class="br">Quotes 1960s-1980s, 1980s

“Incidentally, I don't say it [the US electoral system] is a charade; there are differences in the parties—I don’t think they're great differences, but they're real, and small differences in a system of great power can have enormous consequences.”

Noam Chomsky

Noam Chomsky, Al Jazeera ‘UpFront’ interview with host Mehdi Hasan concerning the 2016 US Presidential Election, (Jan 30, 2016) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btJfkPBLULg <br class="br">Quotes 2010s, 2016

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