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9 citátů o přírodním výběru, víře a podstatě života

Objevte hluboké citáty Richarda Dawkinse o přírodním výběru, víře, alternativní medicíně, ateismu a podstatě života. Seznamte se s jeho výjimečnými myšlenkami o našem světě.

Clinton Richard Dawkins je britský zoolog, etolog a biolog, který se proslavil jako popularizátor evoluční teorie a sociobiologie. Před odchodem do důchodu v roce 2008 byl profesorem na univerzitě v Oxfordu a nyní působí jako spisovatel. Jeho největším přínosem je zpopularizování teorie sobeckého genu, která stála u zrodu současného evolučního paradigmatu.

Dawkins se narodil ve Velké Británii a ve svých osmi letech se s rodinou přestěhoval do země. Studoval zoologii na Balliol College v Oxfordu, kde získal bakalářský titul. Poté se stal žákem Nobelovy ceny v oblasti etologie, Nikolaase Tinbergena a získal magisterský a doktorský titul. Přednášel na Kalifornské univerzitě v Berkeley a roku 1970 se vrátil na univerzitu v Oxfordu, kde vyučoval zoologii.

✵ 26. březen 1941
Richard Dawkins foto
Richard Dawkins: 331   citátů 33   lajků

Richard Dawkins nejznámější citáty

„Myslím, že by bylo smutné, kdybyste opravdu potřebovali náboženství k tomu, abyste byli dobří. Neboť když se nad tím zamyslíte, znamenalo by to, že buď jste získali svou morálku a své hodnoty z Bible, Koránu či jiné svaté knihy, anebo že jste dobří jenom proto, že se bojíte Boha, protože nechcete jít do pekla nebo chcete jít do nebe.“

Richard Dawkins

Zdroj: DAWKINS, Richard. In: Q&A [televizní pořad]. ABC Australia, 8.3.2010

„Více mě zajímá, co pravda je, než to, co bych si přál, aby pravda byla.“

Richard Dawkins

Zdroj: DAWKINS, Richard. In: Q&A [televizní pořad]. ABC Australia, 8.3.2010

„Jsem proti náboženství, protože nás učí jak být spokojení, aniž bychom rozuměli světu.“

Richard Dawkins

„Všichni jsme ateisté ohledně většiny bohů, ve které kdy lidstvo věřilo. Někteří z nás jdou jednoduše o jednoho boha dále.“

Richard Dawkins kniha Boží blud

Zdroj: [Dawkins, Richard, The God Delusion, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 2008, 463, 1, 9780618918249, anglicky]

„Být mrtvý je totéž jako být nenarozený – budu na tom stejně, jako jsem na tom byl v dobách Viléma Dobyvatele nebo dinosaurů nebo trilobitů. Není se čeho bát.“

Richard Dawkins

„Nemyslím, že bych chtěl nějakou absolutní morálku. Myslím, že chci morálku, která je promyšlená, odůvodněná, zargumentovaná a prodebatovaná, založená – chce se téměř říct – na inteligentním plánu.“

Richard Dawkins

Zdroj: DAWKINS, Richard. In: Q&A [televizní pořad]. ABC Australia, 8.3.2010.

„Jakýkoli Bůh, který je schopen zkonstruovat vesmír pečlivě a předvídavě vyladěný tak, aby vedl k naší evoluci, musí být nesmírně složitou a nepravděpodobnou entitou, kterou je třeba vysvětlit ještě složitěji než tu, kterou by měl stvořit.“

Richard Dawkins

„Existence Boha je hypotéza.“

Richard Dawkins

Zdroj: [Hříbek, Tomáš, Zač mají být ateisté vděčni?, lidovky.cz, 2010-19-09, 2011-02-16, http://www.lidovky.cz/ln_noviny.asp?r=ln_noviny&c=A101009_000083_ln_noviny_sko]

Richard Dawkins: Citáty anglicky

“Three imaginary readers looked over my shoulder while I was writing, and I now dedicate the book to them. […] First the general reader, the layman […] second the expert [and] third the student.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha The Selfish Gene

Preface
The Selfish Gene (1976, 1989)

“Those people who think sexual abuse is a black-or-white, all-or-none category are incapable of clear, logical thought.”

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Richard Dawkins

https://twitter.com/RichardDawkins/status/282854320133775360
Twitter

“There is no spirit-driven life force, no throbbing, heaving, pullulating, protoplasmic, mystic jelly. Life is just bytes and bytes and bytes of digital information.”

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Richard Dawkins

River out of Eden (1995)

“The wheel may be one of those cases where the engineering solution can be seen in plain view, yet be unattainable in evolution because it lies [on] the other side of a deep valley, cutting unbridgeably across the massif of Mount Improbable.”

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Richard Dawkins

[Dawkins, Richard, Richard Dawkins, Why don't animals have wheels?, Sunday Times, November 24, 1996, http://www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/dawkins/WorldOfDawkins-archive/Dawkins/Work/Articles/1996-11-24wheels.shtml, October 29, 2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20070221073440/http://www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/dawkins/WorldOfDawkins-archive/Dawkins/Work/Articles/1996-11-24wheels.shtml, February 21, 2007]

“The second requirement of a virus-friendly environment – that it should obey a program of coded instructions – is again only quantitatively less true for brains than for cells or computers. We sometimes obey orders from one another, but also we sometimes don't. Nevertheless, it is a telling fact that, the world over, the vast majority of children follow the religion of their parents rather than any of the other available religions. Instructions to genuflect, to bow towards Mecca, to nod one's head rhythmically towards the wall, to shake like a maniac, to "speak in tongues" – the list of such arbitrary and pointless motor patterns offered by religion alone is extensive – are obeyed, if not slavishly, at least with some reasonably high statistical probability.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha Viruses of the Mind

Viruses of the Mind (1993)

“It's been suggested that if the super-naturalists really had the powers they claim, they'd win the lottery every week. I prefer to point out that they could also win a Nobel Prize for discovering fundamental physical forces hitherto unknown to science. Either way, why are they wasting their talents doing party turns on television?By all means let's be open-minded, but not so open-minded that our brains drop out.”

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Richard Dawkins

The Richard Dimbleby Lecture: Science, Delusion and the Appetite for Wonder (1996)

“… but the dominance hierarchy itself is not something that natural selection favours or disfavours. What natural selection favours or disfavours is the individual behaviour of which the dominance hierarchy is a manifestation. I would put war and overpopulation in that category.”

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Richard Dawkins

Darwin's Dangerous Disciple: An Interview by Frank Miele (1995)

“The absolute morality that the religious person might profess would include what, stoning people for adultery, death for apostasy, punishment for breaking the Sabbath; these are all things which are religiously based absolute moralities. I don’t think I want an absolute morality. I think I want a morality that is thought-out, reasoned, argued, discussed—based upon, almost say—intelligent design. Can we not design our society which has the sort of morality, the sort of society we want to live in?”

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Richard Dawkins

Dawkins on Q&A (), replying to a Muslim man who asked about 'absolute morality'. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mu7AQTs_y5A

“Each generation is a filter, a sieve; good genes tend to fall through the sieve into the next generation; bad genes tend to end up in bodies that die young or without reproducing.”

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Richard Dawkins

River out of Eden (1995)

“The likelihood is that, in 100,000 years time, we shall either have reverted to wild barbarism, or else civilisation will have advanced beyond all recognition – into colonies in outer space, for instance. In either case, evolutionary extrapolations from present conditions are likely to be highly misleading.”

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Richard Dawkins

The Evolutionary Future of Man (1993)

“I am not advocating a morality based on evolution. I am saying how things have evolved. I am not saying how we humans morally ought to behave.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha The Selfish Gene

Zdroj: The Selfish Gene (1976, 1989), Ch. 1. Why Are People?

“It is generally characteristic of arms races, including human ones, that although all would be better off if none of them escalated, so long as one of them escalates none can afford not to.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha The Blind Watchmaker

Zdroj: The Blind Watchmaker (1986), Chapter 7 “Constructive Evolution” (p. 184)

“Like computer viruses, successful mind viruses will tend to be hard for their victims to detect. If you are the victim of one, the chances are that you won't know it, and may even vigorously deny it. Accepting that a virus might be difficult to detect in your own mind, what tell-tale signs might you look out for? I shall answer by imaging how a medical textbook might describe the typical symptoms of a sufferer”

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Richard Dawkins kniha Viruses of the Mind

arbitrarily assumed to be male
Viruses of the Mind (1993)

“The feeling of awed wonder that science can give us is one of the highest experiences of which the human psyche is capable. It is a deep aesthetic passion to rank with the finest that music and poetry can deliver. It is truly one of the things that make life worth living and it does so, if anything, more effectively if it convinces us that the time we have for living is quite finite.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha Unweaving the Rainbow

[1998, Unweaving the Rainbow, London, Allen Lane, 9780713992144, 18827466M, Preface]
Unweaving the Rainbow (1998)

“Next time somebody tells you something that sounds important, think to yourself: 'Is this the kind of thing that people probably know because of evidence? Or is it the kind of thing that people only believe because of tradition, authority or revelation?' And, next time somebody tells you that something is true, why not say to them: 'What kind of evidence is there for that?' And if they can't give you a good answer, I hope you'll think very carefully before you believe a word they say.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha A Devil's Chaplain

"Good and Bad Reasons for Believing" [open letter to his daughter]
A Devil's Chaplain (2003)

“Well, what if I'm wrong, I mean — anybody could be wrong. We could all be wrong about the up the mountain. There's no particular reason to pick on the Judeo-Christian god, in which by the sheerest accident you happen to have been brought up and ask me the question, "What if I'm wrong?" What if you're wrong about the great Juju at the bottom of the sea?”

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Richard Dawkins

Answering audience questions after a reading of The God Delusion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mmskXXetcg,Randolph-Macon Woman's College,
Posed question: "This is probably going to be the most simplest one for you to answer, but: What if you're wrong?"

“If you have a faith, it is statistically overwhelmingly likely that it is the same faith as your parents and grandparents had. No doubt soaring cathedrals, stirring music, moving stories and parables, help a bit. But by far the most important variable determining your religion is the accident of birth. The convictions that you so passionately believe would have been a completely different, and largely contradictory, set of convictions, if only you had happened to be born in a different place. Epidemiology, not evidence.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha Viruses of the Mind

Viruses of the Mind (1993)

“I'm not one of those who wants to stop Christian traditions. This is historically a Christian country. I'm a cultural Christian the same way as many of my friends call themselves cultural Jews or cultural Muslims. So, yes, I love singing carols along with everybody else. I'm not one of those who wants to purge our society of our Christian history.”

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Richard Dawkins

BBC's Have Your Say (December 2007)

“Haven't read Koran so couldn't quote chapter & verse like I can for Bible. But often say Islam greatest force for evil today”

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Richard Dawkins

https://twitter.com/RichardDawkins/status/307369895031603200 (28 February 2013)
Twitter

“I want to examine that dangerous thing that’s common to Judaism and Christianity as well: the process of non-thinking called "faith."”

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Richard Dawkins

Part 1, 00:00:55
The Root of All Evil? (January 2006)

“We humans are an extremely important manifestation of the replication bomb, because it is through us – through our brains, our symbolic culture and our technology – that the explosion may proceed to the next stage and reverberate through deep space.”

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Richard Dawkins

Zdroj: River out of Eden (1995), Ch. 5: The Replication Bomb

“Group selection theory would therefore predict a tendency to evolve towards an all-dove conspiracy … But the trouble with conspiracies, even those that are to everybody's advantage in the long run, is that they are open to abuse.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha The Selfish Gene

Zdroj: The Selfish Gene (1976, 1989), Ch. 5. Aggression: stability and the selfish machine

“Human vanity cherishes the absurd notion that our species is the final goal of evolution.”

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Richard Dawkins kniha The Blind Watchmaker

Zdroj: The Blind Watchmaker (1986), Chapter 3 “Accumulating Small Change” (p. 50)

“For his purposes (and mine), scientific medicine is defined as the set of practices which submit themselves to the ordeal of being tested. Alternative medicine is defined as that set of practices which cannot be tested, refuse to be tested, or consistently fail tests. If a healing technique is demonstrated to have curative properties in properly controlled double-blind trials, it ceases to be alternative. It simply, as Diamond explains, becomes medicine. Conversely, if a technique devised by the President of the Royal College of Physicians consistently fails in double-blind trials, it will cease to be a part of 'orthodox' medicine. Whether it will then become 'alternative' will depend upon whether it is adopted by a sufficiently ambitious quack”

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Richard Dawkins

there are always sufficiently gullible patients
Foreword to Snake Oil and Other Preoccupations by John Diamond, Vintage, 2001.
Forewords

“Ben Stein: What do think is the possibility that intelligent design might turn out to be the answer to some issues in genetics, or in evolution?
Richard Dawkins: Well, it could come about in the following way: it could be that at some earlier time, somewhere in the universe, a civilization evolved by probably some kind of Darwinian means to a very, very high level of technology, and designed a form of life that they seeded onto, perhaps, this planet. Now that is a possibility, and an intriguing possibility. And I suppose it's possible that you might find evidence for that if you look at the details of our chemistry, molecular biology, you might find a signature of some sort of designer, and that designer could well be a higher intelligence from elsewhere in the universe. But that higher intelligence would itself have had to have come about by some explicable, or ultimately explicable, process. It couldn't have just jumped into existence spontaneously. That's the point.”

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Richard Dawkins

Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed ()

“Sceptical rational inquiry is always the best approach. […] we can think independently, be truly open-minded. That means asking questions, being open to real corroborated evidence. Reason has liberated us form superstition and given us centuries of progress. We abandon it at our peril.”

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Richard Dawkins

The Enemies of Reason, "The Irrational Health Service"
The Enemies of Reason (August 2007)

“I hate the neologism "owned" for "scored a victory over". I have no intention of owning anyone, and nobody will ever own me.”

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Richard Dawkins

https://twitter.com/RichardDawkins/status/336048706853937152 (19 May 2013)
Twitter

“It's obvious that in an intelligent educated audience such as this university, I stress this university. Who saw fit to give them accreditation?”

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Richard Dawkins

At Randolph-Macon Woman's College, Broadcasted by C-SPAN2 http://richarddawkins.net/home

“Don't ask God to cure cancer & world poverty. He's too busy finding you a parking space & fixing the weather for your barbecue.”

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Richard Dawkins

https://twitter.com/RichardDawkins/status/358514912789676033 (20 July 2013)
Twitter

“I agree that it's very difficult to come to an absolute definition of what's moral and what is not. We are on our own, without a god, and we have to get together, sit down together and decide what kind of society do we want to live in. Do we want to live in a society where people steal, where people kill, where people don't pull their weight paying their taxes, doing that kind of thing? Do we want to live in a kind of society where everybody is out for themselves in a dog-eat-dog world? And we decide in conclave together that that's not the kind of world in which we want to live. It's difficult. There is no absolute reason why we should believe that that's true - it's a moral decision which we take as individuals - and we take it collectively as a collection of individuals. If you want to get that sort of value system from religion I want you to ask yourself - whereabouts in religion do you get it? Which religion do you get it from? They're all different. If you get it from the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition then I beg you - don't get it from your holy book! Because the morality you will get from reading your holy book is hideous. Don't get it from your holy book. Don't get it from sucking up to your god. Don't get it from saying “oh, I'm terrified of going to hell so I'd better be good” - that's a very ignoble reason to be good. Instead - be good for good reasons. Be good for the reason that's you've decided together with other people the society we want to live in: a decent humane society. Not one based on absolutism, not one based on holy books and not one based on sucking up to.. looking over your shoulder to the divine spy camera in the sky.”

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Richard Dawkins

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=roFdPHdhgKQ&t=59m29s
Richard Dawkins vs. Jonathan Sacks - BBC's RE:Think Festival (2012)

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