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Stephen Crane by americký romanopisec, povídkář, básník a novinář. Během svého krátkého života psal dílo v realistické tradici s některými znaky raného amerického naturalismu a impresionismu. Moderními kritiky je označován za jednoho z nejinovativnějších spisovatelů své generace.

Crane se narodil jako osmé přeživší dítě zbožným rodičům a vyrostl v několika městech v New Jersey a New Yorku. Začal psát ve čtyřech a v šestnácti publikoval. V 1891 opustil vysokoškolská studia a začal pracovat jako reportér a spisovatel. Poprvé mu vyšel román v roce 1893 a jmenoval se Maggie, dítě ulice, který byl posléze označen za první román amerického naturalismu. Mezinárodního věhlasu dobyl románem Rudý odznak odvahy na motivy americké občanské války v roce 1895. Tento román napsal bez válečných zkušeností.

V roce 1896 se účastnil velmi mediálně sledovaného skandálu jako svědek ve prospěch podezřelé prostitutky. Později přijal nabídku na vojenského dopisovatele ve španělsko-americké válce. Když čekal ve floridském Jacksonville na loď na Kubu, setkal se s Corou Taylrovou, se kterou měl vztah. Během cesty na Kubu se loď potopila a on zůstal několik dní v člunu, tento zážitek později zachytil v povídce Otevřený člun. Poslední rok svého života psal o konfliktu v Řecku a na Kubě; a žil v Anglii s Corou, kde se seznámil se spisovateli jako byl Joseph Conrad a H. G. Wells. Stižen finančními problémy a nemocný se Crane dostal do sanatoria ve Schwarzwaldu, kde také na tuberkulózu ve svých dvaceti osmi letech zemřel.

V době svého úmrtí hrál významnou roli v americké literatuře, ale po ni byl na dvě desetiletí téměř zapomenut. Poté byl znovu objeven. Pro Cranea stylistu je typický intenzivní popis spolu s výrazným dialektem a ironií. Běžná témata jsou strach, duševní krizi a sociální odloučení. Další rovina Craneovi tvorby je nekonvenční básnická tvorba a je vyhlášený povídkář. Jeho dílo mělo velký vliv na řadu spisovatelů 20. století, mezi nejvýznamnější patří Ernest Hemingway, stejně jako se předpokládá, že měl vliv na moderní hnutí a imagismus. Wikipedia  

✵ 1. listopad 1871 – 5. červen 1900  •  Další jména स्टिफ़ेन क्रैन, স্টিফেন ক্রেন
Stephen Crane foto
Stephen Crane: 42 citátů0 lajků

Stephen Crane: Citáty anglicky

“When it came night, the white waves paced to and fro in the moonlight, and the wind brought the sound of the great sea's voice to the men on shore, and they felt that they could then be interpreters.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Open Boat

Pt. VII
The Open Boat (1894)

“It would be difficult to describe the subtle brotherhood of men that was here established on the seas. No one said that it was so. No one mentioned it. But it dwelt in the boat, and each man felt it warm him. They were a captain, an oiler, a cook, and a correspondent, and they were friends, friends in a more curiously iron-bound degree than may be common. The hurt captain, lying against the water-jar in the bow, spoke always in a low voice and calmly, but he could never command a more ready and swiftly obedient crew than the motley three of the dingey. It was more than a mere recognition of what was best for the common safety. There was surely in it a quality that was personal and heartfelt. And after this devotion to the commander of the boat there was this comradeship that the correspondent, for instance, who had been taught to be cynical of men, knew even at the time was the best experience of his life. But no one said that it was so. No one mentioned it.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Open Boat

Pt. III
The Open Boat (1894)

“Swift blazing flag of the regiment,
Eagle with crest of red and gold,
These men were born to drill and die.
Point for them the virtue of slaughter,
Make plain to them the excellence of killing
And a field where a thousand corpses lie.”

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Stephen Crane

Do Not Weep, Maiden, For War is Kind, p. 4
War Is Kind and Other Lines (1899)

“Every sin is the result of a collaboration.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Blue Hotel

"The Blue Hotel", from The Monster and Other Stories (1898)

“He had been to touch the great death, and found that, after all, it was but the great death. He was a man.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Red Badge of Courage

Zdroj: The Red Badge of Courage (1895), Ch. 24

“It rained. The procession of weary soldiers became a bedraggled train, despondent and muttering, marching with churning effort in a trough of liquid brown mud under a low, wretched sky. Yet the youth smiled, for he saw that the world was a world for him, though many discovered it to be made of oaths and walking sticks. He had rid himself of the red sickness of battle. The sultry nightmare was in the past. He had been an animal blistered and sweating in the heat and pain of war. He turned now with a lover's thirst to images of tranquil skies, fresh meadows, cool brooks — an existence of soft and eternal peace.
Over the river a golden ray of sun came through the hosts of leaden rain clouds.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Red Badge of Courage

Zdroj: The Red Badge of Courage (1895), Ch. 24

“The word is clear only to the kind who on peak or plain, from dark northern ice-fields to the hot wet jungles, through all wine and want, through lies and unfamiliar truth, dark or light, are governed by the unknown gods, and though each man knows the law, no man may give tongue to it.”

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Stephen Crane

"The Clan of No Name" (1899); published in the anthology Wounds in the Rain (1900)

“He had fought like a pagan who defends his religion.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Red Badge of Courage

Zdroj: The Red Badge of Courage (1895), Ch. 17

“Hoarse, booming drums of the regiment,
Little souls who thirst for fight,
These men were born to drill and die.
The unexplained glory flies above them,
Great is the battle-god, great, and his kingdom —
A field where a thousand corpses lie.”

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Stephen Crane

Do Not Weep, Maiden, For War is Kind, st. 2
War Is Kind and Other Lines (1899)

“The wayfarer,
Perceiving the pathway to truth,
Was struck with astonishment.
It was thickly grown with weeds.
"Ha," he said,
"I see that none has passed here
In a long time."”

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Stephen Crane

Later he saw that each weed
Was a singular knife.
"Well," he mumbled at last,
"Doubtless there are other roads."
The Wayfarer, No. 13
War Is Kind and Other Lines (1899)

“I saw a man pursuing the horizon;
Round and round they sped.
I was disturbed at this;
I accosted the man.
"It is futile," I said,
"You can never—""You lie," he cried,
And ran on.”

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Stephen Crane kniha The Black Riders and Other Lines

Zdroj: The Black Riders and Other Lines (1895), XXIV

“Unwind my riddle.
Cruel as hawks the hours fly;
Wounded men seldom come home to die;
The hard waves see an arm flung high;
Scorn hits strong because of a lie;
Yet there exists a mystic tie.
Unwind my riddle.”

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Stephen Crane

Zdroj: Epigraph in " The Clan of No Name http://web.archive.org/20040803101258/www.geocities.com/stephen_crane_us/clannoname.html" (1899); published in the anthology Wounds in the Rain (1900)

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