Bertrand Russell citáty (611 citátů, strana 8)

Zdroj: UDWIG, Petr. Konec prokrastinace. V Brně: Jan Melvil, 2013. (Briquet).
http://ndk.cz/view/uuid:c1912080-9702-11e4-a808-005056827e52?page=uuid:d7b6c660-9a92-11e4-a2db-005056825209 Dostupné online. ISBN 978-80-87270-51-6. S. 272.

„Vlastenectví je ochota zabíjet a nechat se zabít z triviálních důvodů.“

Bertrand Russell

„Ve filosofii jde o to začít s něčím tak jednoduchým, až se zdá, že to nestojí za řeč, a skončit něčím tak paradoxním, že tomu nikdo nechce věřit.“

Bertrand Russell

The point of philosophy is to start with something so simple as to seem not worth stating, and to end with something so paradoxical that no one will believe it.
Zdroj: Cit. u Barrow, Pí na nebesích.

„Život není nic víc než soutěž o to být raději zločincem než obětí.“

Bertrand Russell

„Člověk by měl zpravidla dbát veřejného mínění jen tolik, kolik musí, aby neumřel hladem a nedostal se do vězení, ale vše, co sahá dále, je dobrovolné podřizování zbytečnému tyranství…“

Bertrand Russell

„Když se do lásky míchá majetek, ztrácí svou životodárnou moc a stravuje osobnost.“

Bertrand Russell

„Jste největšími pokrytci, jaké svět kdy poznal. Dovoláváte se hodnot, jimiž pohrdáte a po nichž bezohledně a cynicky šlapete“

Bertrand Russell

k vládě Spojených států amerických

„Když si člověk připustí, že nic není jisté, tak musí, podle mého názoru, také připustit, že některé věci jsou daleko více jisté než jiné.“

Bertrand Russell

„Ze všech forem opatrnosti, je opatrnost v lásce nejvíce osudná opravdovému štěstí.“

Bertrand Russell

„Strach je hlavním zdrojem pověr a jedním z hlavních zdrojů krutosti. Dobýt strach je začátek moudrosti.“

Bertrand Russell

„Překonání strachu je počátkem moudrosti.“

Bertrand Russell

„A kdyby Bůh existoval, považuji za velmi nepravděpodobné, že by byl tak nepokojně ješitný a urážel se na ty, kdo o jeho existenci pochybují.“

Bertrand Russell

„Čas, který promarníte a nevadí vám, že ho promarníte, není promarněný čas.“

Bertrand Russell

Bertrand Russell: Citáty anglicky

“All serious innovation is only rendered possible by some accident
enabling unpopular persons to survive.”

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Bertrand Russell kniha In Praise of Idleness and Other Essays

Zdroj: In Praise of Idleness and Other Essays

“Freedom in education has many aspects. There is first of all freedom to learn or not to learn. Then there is freedom as to what to learn. And in later education there is freedom of opinion.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: Sceptical Essays

“Acquisitiveness – the wish to possess as much as possible of goods, or the title to goods – is a motive which, I suppose, has its origin in a combination of fear with the desire for necessaries.”

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Bertrand Russell

1950s, What Desires Are Politically Important? (1950)

“When a man acts in ways that annoy us we wish to think him wicked, and we refuse to face the fact that his annoying behaviour is a result of antecedent causes which, if you follow them long enough, will take you beyond the moment of his birth and therefore to events for which he cannot be held responsible by any stretch of imagination.”

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Bertrand Russell

"The Doctrine of Free Will"
1930s, Has Religion Made Useful Contributions to Civilization? (1930)

“Instinctively we divide mankind into friends and foes - friends, towards whom we have the morality of co-operation; foes, towards whom we have that of competition. But this division is constantly changing; at one moment a man hates his business competitor, at another, when both are threatened by Socialism or by an external enemy, he suddenly begins to view him as a brother. Always when we pass beyond the limits of the family it is the external enemy which supplies the cohesive force. In times of safety we can afford to hate our neighbour, but in times of danger we must love him.”

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Bertrand Russell

Authority and the Individual (1949)
1940s

“We later learned that all the nineteen passengers in the non-smoking compartment had been killed. When the plane had hit the water a hole had been made in the plane and the water had rushed in. I had told a friend at Oslo who was finding me a place that he must find me a place where I could smoke, remarking jocularly, 'If I cannot smoke, I shall die.”

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Bertrand Russell

Unexpectedly, this turned out to be true.
1960s, The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell (1967-1969)

“The above proposition is occasionally useful.”

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Bertrand Russell

Comment after the proof that 1+1=2, completed in Principia Mathematica, Volume II, 1st edition (1912), page 86 http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=umhistmath&cc=umhistmath&idno=aat3201.0002.001&frm=frameset&view=image&seq=126 <br class="br">1910s

“The people who are regarded as moral luminaries are those who forego ordinary pleasures themselves and find compensation in interfering with the pleasures of others.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1920s, Sceptical Essays (1928), Ch. 8: Eastern and Western Ideals of Happiness

“I wish to propose for the reader's favourable consideration a doctrine which may, I fear, appear wildly paradoxical and subversive. The doctrine in question is this: that it is undesirable to believe a proposition when there is no ground whatever for supposing it true.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1920s, Sceptical Essays (1928), Ch. 1: The Value of Scepticism

“In obedience to the feeling of reality, we shall insist that, in the analysis of propositions, nothing "unreal" is to be admitted. But, after all, if there is nothing unreal, how, it may be asked, could we admit anything unreal? The reply is that, in dealing with propositions, we are dealing in the first instance with symbols, and if we attribute significance to groups of symbols which have no significance, we shall fall into the error of admitting unrealities, in the only sense in which this is possible, namely, as objects described.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1910s, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy (1919), Ch. 16: Descriptions

“When the intensity of emotional conviction subsides, a man who is in the habit of reasoning will search for logical grounds in favour of the belief which he finds in himself.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1910s, Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays http://archive.org/stream/mysticism00russuoft/mysticism00russuoft_djvu.txt (1918), Ch. 1: Mysticism and Logic

“Some part of life – perhaps the most important part – must be left to the spontaneous action of individual impulse, for where all is system there will be mental and spiritual death.”

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Bertrand Russell

1950s, The Impact of Science on Society (1952)

“Change is one thing, progress is another.”

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Bertrand Russell

1950s, Unpopular Essays (1950)

“To understand the actual world as it is, not as we should wish it to be, is the beginning of wisdom.”

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Bertrand Russell

1930s, Mortals and Others (1931-35)

“People seem good while they are oppressed, but they only wish to become oppressors in their turn: life is nothing but a competition to be the criminal rather than the victim.”

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Bertrand Russell

Letter to Ottoline Morrell, 17 December, 1920
1920s

“I have lived in the pursuit of a vision, both personal and social. Personal: to care for what is noble, for what is beautiful, for what is gentle; to allow moments of insight to give wisdom at more mundane times. Social: to see in imagination the society that is to be created, where individuals grow freely, and where hate and greed and envy die because there is nothing to nourish them. These things I believe, and the world, for all its horrors, has left me unshaken.”

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Bertrand Russell

1960s, The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell (1967-1969)

“The most important thing a father can do for his children is to love their mother.”

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Bertrand Russell

Attributed to Reverend Theodore Hesburgh in Sol Gordon Let's Make Sex a Household Word: A Guide for Parents and Children (John Day Company, 1975), p. 79
Misattributed

“[T]he plan we are advocating amounts essentially to this: that a certain small income, sufficient for necessaries, should be secured to all, whether they work or not, and that a larger income, as much larger as might be warranted by the total amount of commodities produced, should be given to those who are willing to engage in some work which the community recognizes as useful.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1910s, Proposed Roads To Freedom (1918), Ch. IV: Work and Pay, discussing Universal Basic Income (UBI)

“If you think that your belief is based upon reason, you will support it by argument, rather than by persecution, and will abandon it if the argument goes against you. But if your belief is based on faith, you will realize that argument is useless, and will therefore resort to force either in the form of persecution or by stunting and distorting the minds of the young in what is called "education". This last is particularly dastardly, since it takes advantage of the defencelessness of immature minds. Unfortunately it is practiced in greater or less degree in the schools of every civilised country.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1950s, Human Society in Ethics and Politics (1954), p. 220

“Arithmetic must be discovered in just the same sense in which Columbus discovered the West Indies, and we no more create numbers than he created the Indians.”

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Bertrand Russell

Principles of Mathematics (1903), p. 451
1900s

“Mathematics takes us still further from what is human, into the region of absolute necessity, to which not only the world, but every possible world, must conform.”

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Bertrand Russell

1900s, "The Study of Mathematics" (November 1907)

“I think modern educational theorists are inclined to attach too much importance to the negative virtue of not interfering with children, and too little to the positive merit of enjoying their company.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1930s, In Praise of Idleness and Other Essays (1935), Ch. 12: Education and Discipline

“[Messrs Ogden and Richards] will reply that they are considering the meaning of a "thought," not of a word. A "thought" is not a social phenomenon, like speech, and therefore does not have the two sides, active and passive, which can be distinguished in speech. I should urge, however, that all the reasons which led our authors to avoid introducing images in explaining meaning should have also led them to avoid introducing "thoughts." If a theory of meaning is to be fitted into natural science as they desire, it is necessary to define the meaning of words without introducing anything "mental" in the sense in which what is "mental" is not subject to the laws of physics. Therefore, for the same reasons for which I now hold that the meaning of words should be explained without introducing images – which I argued to be possible in the above-quoted passage – I also hold that meaning in general should be treated without introducing "thoughts," and should be regarded as a property of words considered as physical phenomena. Let us therefore amend their theory. They say: "'I am thinking of A' is the same thing as 'My thought is being caused by A.'" Let us substitute: "'I am speaking of A' is the same thing as 'My speech is being caused by A.'" Can this theory be true?”

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Bertrand Russell

1920s, Review of The Meaning of Meaning (1926)

“To choose one sock from each of infinitely many pairs of socks requires the Axiom of Choice, but for shoes the Axiom is not needed.”

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Bertrand Russell

As quoted in Williams' Weighing the Odds: A Course in Probability and Statistics (2001), p. 498
Attributed from posthumous publications

“It is said (I do not know with what truth) that a certain Hindu thinker believed the earth to rest upon an elephant. When asked what the elephant rested upon, he replied that it rested upon a tortoise. When asked what the tortoise rested upon, he said, "I am tired of this. Suppose we change the subject."”

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Bertrand Russell

This illustrates the unsatisfactory character of the First-Cause argument.
"Is There a God?" (1952)
1950s

“The true function of logic … as applied to matters of experience … is analytic rather than constructive; taken a priori, it shows the possibility of hitherto unsuspected alternatives more often than the impossibility of alternatives which seemed prima facie possible. Thus, while it liberates imagination as to what the world may be, it refuses to legislate as to what the world is.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1910s, Our Knowledge of the External World (1914), p. 8

“I have been accused of a habit of changing my opinions … I am not myself in any degree ashamed of having changed my opinions. What physicist who was already active in 1900 would dream of boasting that his opinions had not changed during the last half century? In science men change their opinions when new knowledge becomes available; but philosophy in the minds of many is assimilated rather to theology than to science. … The kind of philosophy that I value and have endeavoured to pursue is scientific, in the sense that there is some definite knowledge to be obtained and that new discoveries can make the admission of former error inevitable to any candid mind. For what I have said, whether early or late, I do not claim the kind of truth which theologians claim for their creeds. I claim only, at best, that the opinion expressed was a sensible one to hold at the time when it was expressed. I should be much surprised if subsequent research did not show that it needed to be modified. I hope, therefore, that whoever uses this dictionary will not suppose the remarks which it quotes to be intended as pontifical pronouncements, but only as the best I could do at the time towards the promotion of clear and accurate thinking. Clarity, above all, has been my aim.”

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Bertrand Russell

Preface to The Bertrand Russell Dictionary of Mind, Matter and Morals (1952) edited by Lester E. Denonn
1950s

“The pursuit of knowledge is, I think, mainly actuated by love of power. And so are all advances in scientific technique. In politics, also, a reformer may have just as strong a love of power as a despot. It would be a complete mistake to decry love of power altogether as a motive. Whether you will be led by this motive to actions which are useful, or to actions which are pernicious, depends upon the social system, and upon your capacities.”

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Bertrand Russell

1950s, What Desires Are Politically Important? (1950)

“The criminal law has, from the point of view of thwarted virtue, the merit of allowing an outlet for those impulses of aggression which cowardice, disguised as morality, restrains in their more spontaneous forms. War has the same merit. You must not kill you neighbor, whom perhaps you genuinely hate, but by a little propaganda this hate can be transferred to some foreign nation, against whom all your murderous impulses become patriotic heroism.”

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Bertrand Russell

Part III: Man and Himself, Ch. 17: Fear, p. 175
1950s, New Hopes for a Changing World (1951)

“The State is a collection of officials, different for difference purposes, drawing comfortable incomes so long as the status quo is preserved. The only alteration they are likely to desire in the status quo is an increase of bureaucracy and the power of bureaucrats.”

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Bertrand Russell

Zdroj: 1920s, Sceptical Essays (1928), Ch. 12: Free Thought and Official Propaganda http://books.google.com/books?id=9tQsg5ITfHsC&q=%22The+State+is+a+collection+of+officials+different+for+different+purposes+drawing+comfortable+incomes+so+long+as+the+status+quo+is+preserved+The+only+alteration+they+are+likely+to+desire+in+the+status+quo+is+an+increase+of+bureaucracy+and+the+power+of+bureaucrats%22&pg=PA134#v=onepage